What is Periodontal Disease?
Periodontal disease, better known as gum disease, is an inflammation of the gums that can progress to affect the bone that surrounds and supports your teeth. Inflammation involves swelling, pain, redness etc of the gums.

What causes Periodontal Disease?
This dental problem is caused due to plaque build up that infects not only your gums and teeth, but eventually the gum tissue and bone that supports the teeth in the jaw. Plaque is a sticky, white film that constantly forms a layer on your teeth. When plaque is not cleaned regularly it hardens & forms calculus.

How can Periodontal Disease be avoided?
Daily brushing and flossing can prevent plaque build-up and save the person from losing a tooth or many teeth. It is the leading cause of mobile teeth & tooth fall among many adults.

What are the symptoms of Periodontal Disease?
You may never come to know that you are suffering from a gum disease, until it’s too late. While the symptoms of periodontal disease are often subtle, there are a couple of tell-tale signs that can warn you of your condition in advance. These symptoms of gum disease include:

• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Bleeding gums during and after brushing
• Formation of deep pockets/gaps between teeth and gums
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Abnormal bite
• Persistent bad breath or bad taste in the mouth
• Receding gums

• Poor oral hygiene –Irregular or no brushing and flossing and infrequent visits to the dentist makes for a perfect periodontal disease case.
• Plaque– This is the primary cause of gum disease. If not constantly cleaned, it will lead to gum inflammation and eventually lead to the loosening of teeth.
• Hormonal changes –The gums of women become more sensitive, making them an easy prey to this disease when their bodies are undergoing a change in the hormones during, puberty, pregnancy, menopause and menstruation.
• Medications– Some medications cause a dry mouth. This lessens the effect that saliva has on washing away the bacteria in the mouth. As a result, this can affect the oral health of the patient. Some medications are also known for their ill-effect of causing abnormal growth of gum tissue.
• Genetics – Like other dental problems, even gum disease can be passed on from one generation to another.
• Illnesses –Illnesses that interfere with the immune system of the body are more likely to cause gum diseases. These illnesses include cancer and HIV. Even diabetes affects the body's ability to use blood sugar, and all diabetic patients are at higher risk of developing gum infections.
• Addictions – If you are a chain smoker then it automatically makes it harder for the gum tissue to repair itself, making you prone to gum disease.

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